鐵死亡 (Ferroptosis) 的發生主要涉及鐵代謝失衡、氧化壓力增加 (oxidative stress)、脂質過氧化反應 (lipid peroxidation) 以及抗氧化防禦系統失效等關鍵機制，其中 System xc − / GSH / GPX4 軸、ACSL4 介導的脂質代謝途徑、FSP1 / CoQ10 抗氧化路徑與 NRF2 調控網絡，皆是目前鐵死亡研究的重要分析標的 [1-3]。為協助研究人員深入解析鐵死亡相關分子機制與細胞反應，本篇文章整理了來自 Abbkine 與 Abcam 的鐵死亡研究 Assay Kits 與抗體 ，涵蓋 Iron metabolism GPX4 / GSH pathway Lipid peroxidation System xc − ROS / Antioxidant 與我們聯繫 索取最新產品資訊與活動訊息。
Iron Detection & Metabolism
Product Name Cat. No. Anti-Ferritin heavy chain antibody [EPR3004Y] ab75973 Anti-Ferroportin antibody ab78066 Anti-Ferroportin antibody [C2] ab239583 Anti-Transferrin Receptor antibody ab84036 Anti-Transferrin Receptor antibody [EPR20584] ab214039 CheKine™ Micro Cell Ferrous Ion Content Assay Kit KTB1116 CheKine™ Micro Cell Total Iron Ion Content Assay Kit KTB1114 CheKine™ Micro Ferric Reductase (FCR) Activity Assay Kit KTB1621 CheKine™ Micro HephaestIn (HP) Activity Assay Kit KTB1141
GPX / GSH Detection
Product Name Cat. No. Anti-Glutathione Peroxidase 4 antibody [EPNCIR144] ab125066 CheKine™ Micro Glutathione Oxidized (GSSG) Assay Kit KTB1610 CheKine™ Micro Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px) Activity Assay Kit KTB1640 CheKine™ Micro Glutathione Reductases (GR) Activity Assay Kit KTB1620 CheKine™ Micro Reduced Glutathione (GSH) Assay Kit KTB1600 CheKine™ Micro Total Glutathione (T-GSH) Assay Kit KTB1670
Lipid Peroxidation / Lipid Metabolism Detection
Product Name Cat. No. Anti-4 Hydroxynonenal antibody ab46545 Anti-ACSL4 (FACL4) antibody [EPR8640] ab155282 CheKine™ Micro Lipid Peroxidation (MDA) Assay kit KTB1050-EN CheKine™ Pro Malondialdehyde (MDA) Fluorometric Assay Kit KTB9050 Human Malondialdehyde (MDA) ELISA Kit KTE61683 Rat Malondialdehyde (MDA) ELISA Kit KTE100650 Lipid Hydroperoxide (LPO) Assay Kit ab133085
System xc − / Amino Acid Detection
Product Name Cat. No. Anti-xCT antibody [EPR27115-64] ab307601 CheKine™ Micro Cysteine (Cys) Assay Kit KTB1450 CheKine™ Micro Glutamate (Glu) Assay Kit KTB1440 Human Cystine/glutamate transporter (SLC7A11) ELISA Kit KTE60588
FSP1 / Nrf2 Detection
Product Name Cat. No. Anti-FSP1 (AMID) antibody [EPR29828-39] ab324520 Anti-Nrf2 antibody [EP1808Y] ab62352
ROS / Antioxidant Detection
Product Name Cat. No. CheKine™ Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Fluorometric Assay Kit KTB1910 CheKine™ Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production Rate Fluorometric Assay Kit KTB1911 CheKine™ Micro Superoxide Dismutases (SOD) Activity Assay Kit KTB1030 CheKine™ Micro Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) Assay Kit KTB1500 Anti-Peroxiredoxin 6 antibody [EPR3754] ab133348 Human Peroxiredoxin-6 (PRDX6) ELISA Kit KTE61178
鐵死亡機制簡介
鐵死亡的核心機制主要涉及鐵代謝 脂質代謝 細胞抗氧化防禦系統 transferrin receptor (TFRC) 調控運鐵蛋白結合鐵 (transferrin-bound iron) 的攝取，經由鐵離子釋放與還原作用將 Fe3+ 轉換形成具有氧化還原活性的 Fe2+ ，促使不穩定鐵池 (labile iron pool, LIP) 中游離鐵增加。過量 Fe2+ 可透過芬頓反應 (Fenton reaction) 促進活性氧 (reactive oxygen species, ROS) 生成，增加氧化壓力並進一步促使細胞膜中含多元不飽和脂肪酸 (polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFAs) 的磷脂發生脂質過氧化反應 (lipid peroxidation) ，形成大量脂質過氧化物 (lipid hydroperoxides) 。在正常細胞中，System xc − (SLC7A11) 負責 cystine / glutamate exchange，維持 cysteine 供應 並促進 glutathione (GSH) 合成 。GSH 則可協助 GPX4 將磷脂質過氧化物 (phospholipid hydroperoxides, PLOOH) 還原，避免其持續累積。當 System xc − 活性受到抑制，或 GPX4 功能受到阻斷時，細胞抗氧化防禦能力降低，使脂質過氧化物大量累積，最終導致細胞膜完整性喪失並誘發鐵死亡。此外，ACSL4 是調控鐵死亡敏感性的重要脂質代謝因子，可促進含多元不飽和脂肪酸的磷脂形成，增加脂質氧化受質，使細胞更容易發生鐵死亡。另一方面，FSP1 (AIFM2) / CoQ10 與 NRF2 調控路徑則可提供額外防禦機制，降低脂質自由基形成並抑制鐵死亡 [1-3]。
鐵死亡機制。圖片來源：Physiol Rev . 2025 Apr 1;105(2):651-706. Figure 8 [1].
資料來源：
Zheng J, Conrad M. Ferroptosis: when metabolism meets cell death. Physiol Rev . 2025 Apr 1;105(2):651-706. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00031.2024
Dixon SJ, Olzmann JA. The cell biology of ferroptosis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol . 2024 Jun;25(6):424-442. doi: 10.1038/s41580-024-00703-5
Chen F, Kang R, Tang D, Liu J. Ferroptosis: principles and significance in health and disease. J Hematol Onco l. 2024 Jun 6;17(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s13045-024-01564-3
